Publicación:
Temporal dynamics of coral and algal cover and their drivers on a coral reef of Gorgona Island, Colombia (Eastern Tropical Pacific)

dc.contributor.authorZapata, Fernando A.
dc.contributor.corporatenameAcademia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturalesspa
dc.coverage.regionIsla Gorgona, Colombia (Pacífico Tropical Oriental)
dc.date.accessioned2021-11-15T15:09:08Z
dc.date.available2021-11-15T15:09:08Z
dc.date.issued2017-10-09
dc.description.abstractLos arrecifes coralinos son ecosistemas altamente dinámicos, a menudo afectados por diversas perturbaciones naturales. Sin embargo, descensos dramáticos en la cobertura coralina durante décadas recientes llevan a preguntar si tales descensos han sido causados por crecientes impactos antropogénicos. Con este fin, la dinámica de la cobertura de coral y algas se estudió a partir de datos recolectados entre 1998-2014 de 20 transectos fijos de 10 m a dos profundidades en dos sitios de La Azufrada, un arrecife coralino libre de impactos humanos locales, situado en Isla Gorgona, Colombia. La cobertura coralina disminuyó de 66,9 % en 1998 a 39,4 % en 2008, pero luego aumentó a 50,7 % en 2014. La cobertura de algas carnosas y de césped fue baja entre 1998-2004, aumentó a 49,5 % en 2007 y luego disminuyó a < 33,0 %. Las algas coralinas incrustantes fueron las más escasas hasta 2009, cuando aumentaron al disminuir las algas carnosas y de césped. La variación temporal fue diferente entre profundidades con las áreas someras exhibiendo los mayores descensos en la cobertura coralina hasta 2008, pero una recuperación significativa desde entonces. En contraste, la cobertura coralina en áreas profundas disminuyó sólo ligeramente. La exposición subaérea prolongada de los corales durante mareas bajas extremas parece impulsar un ciclo de perturbación y recuperación de los corales. El crecimiento de los corales hace que el arrecife sea más propenso a la exposición subaérea, después de lo cual los corales se blanquean, mueren y son colonizados por algas filamentosas y carnosas. Los erizos de mar y los peces herbívoros aumentan su abundancia en respuesta al aumento de la cobertura de algas y controlan el crecimiento de algas, dejando el sustrato cubierto por algas coralinas incrustantes que lo adecúan para el asentamiento de larvas de coral producidas sexualmente. La fragmentación por agentes físicos y biológicos (como los coralívoros) incrementa el reclutamiento de coral y el arrecife entra en una fase de recuperación coralina. Aunque este arrecife es resiliente a la exposición subaérea porque está protegido de perturbaciones antropogénicas, las crecientes amenazas del cambio climático global pueden comprometer su futura resiliencia.spa
dc.description.abstractThe dynamics of coral and algal cover were studied based on data collected between 1998-2014 from 20 fixed 10-m transects at two depths in two sites of La Azufrada coral reef at Gorgona Island, Colombia. Coral cover declined from 66.9% in 1998 to 39.4% in 2008, but then increased to 50.7% in 2014. Fleshy and turf algae were low between 1998-2004, increased to 49.5% in 2007, and declined to < 33.0%. Crustose coralline algae were lowest until 2009 when they increased as fleshy and turf algae decreased. Temporal variation was different between depths with shallow areas exhibiting major declines in coral cover until 2008 but a significant recovery since then. In contrast, coral cover in deep areas declined only slightly. Prolonged subaerial exposure of corals during extreme low tides appears to drive a cycle of coral disturbance and recovery. Coral growth makes the reef flat prone to subaerial exposure, after which corals bleach, die and are colonized by filamentous turf and fleshy algae. Sea urchins and herbivorous fishes increase their abundance in response to increased algal cover and control algal growth, leaving the substrate covered by crustose coralline algae and making it suitable for settlement by sexually-produced coral larvae. Fragmentation by both physical and biological agents (such as corallivores) enhances coral recruitment and the reef enters a coral recovery phase. This reef is resilient to subaerial exposure because it is protected from anthropogenic perturbations. However, increasing threats from global climate change may compromise the future resilience of this reef.eng
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfspa
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.18257/raccefyn.486
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.accefyn.org.co/handle/001/992
dc.language.isospaspa
dc.publisherAcademia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturalesspa
dc.publisher.placeBogotá, Colombiaspa
dc.relation.citationendpage318spa
dc.relation.citationissue160spa
dc.relation.citationstartpage306spa
dc.relation.citationvolume41spa
dc.relation.ispartofjournalRevista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturalesspa
dc.rightsCreative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 Internationalspa
dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessspa
dc.rights.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2spa
dc.rights.licenseAtribución-NoComercial 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC 4.0)spa
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/spa
dc.sourceRevista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturalesspa
dc.subject.proposalArrecifes coralinosspa
dc.subject.proposalCoral reefseng
dc.subject.proposalDinámica temporalspa
dc.subject.proposalTemporal dynamicseng
dc.subject.proposalPerturbaciónspa
dc.subject.proposalDisturbanceeng
dc.subject.proposalRecuperaciónspa
dc.subject.proposalRecoveryeng
dc.subject.proposalVariación espacialspa
dc.subject.proposalSpatial variationeng
dc.subject.proposalExposición subaéreaspa
dc.subject.proposalSubaerial exposureeng
dc.titleTemporal dynamics of coral and algal cover and their drivers on a coral reef of Gorgona Island, Colombia (Eastern Tropical Pacific)spa
dc.typeArtículo de revistaspa
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501spa
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85spa
dc.type.contentDataPaperspa
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlespa
dc.type.redcolhttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/ARTspa
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionspa
dcterms.audienceEstudiantes, Profesores, Comunidad científica colombianaspa
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